Evolución de la incidencia de las enfermedades infecciosas del área ORL en edad pediátrica durante la pandemia COVID-19 / Evolution in the incidence of infectious diseases in the pediatric ENT area during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introducción: La infección por SARS-COV-2 es una enfermedad emergente que se ha convertido en pandemia mundial desde inicios del año 2020. Para disminuir el contagio se han impuesto medidas por parte de los gobiernos como son el confinamiento domiciliario, el uso de mascarillas, el distanciamiento social o la promoción de la higiene de manos. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si las medidas adoptadas para frenar la pandemia COVID-19 han producido una disminución de la incidencia de enfermedades infecciosas y sus complicaciones en el área ORL en nuestro medio. Material y métodos Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en un hospital terciario de pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 0 y 15 años que precisaron ingreso por presentar infecciones cervicales profundas, complicaciones derivadas de otitis media aguda (mastoiditis o parálisis facial) o sinusitis aguda complicada. Resultados Existe una disminución reseñable en el número de ingresos globales en el periodo COVID (9) respecto a la media de los cinco años previos (20,1). Asimismo, existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el número de ingresos de infecciones cervicales (p = 0,027) y de complicaciones derivadas de otitis media aguda (p = 0,029). Discusión/conclusión Se ha observado una disminución del número de ingresos provocados por complicaciones de infecciones del área ORL en pacientes pediátricos tras el inicio de la pandemia COVID-19 en nuestro medio, este hecho podría explicarse por una disminución global del número de infecciones de vía respiratoria superior debido a las medidas higiénicas tomadas por la pandemia COVID-19. (AU)

Introduction: SARS COV-2 infection is an emerging disease that has become a global pandemic since the beginning of 2020. To reduce transmission, measures have been imposed by governments such as home confinement, the use of masks, social distancing or promotion of hand hygiene. The aim of this study is to determine if the measures adopted to reduce the COVID-19 pandemic have produced a decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases and their complications in the ENT area in our center. Material and methods A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary hospital of patients aged between 0 and 15 years who required admission due to deep cervical infections, complications derived from acute otitis media (mastoiditis or facial paralysis) or complicated acute sinusitis. Results There is a notable decrease in the number of global admissions in the COVID period (9) compared to the average of the previous 5 years (20.1). Likewise, there are statistically significant differences in the number of admissions for cervical infections (P = .027) and complications derived from acute otitis media (P = .029). Discussion/conclusion A decrease in the number of admissions caused by complications of infections in the ENT area in paediatric patients has been observed after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in our environment, this fact could be explained by a global decrease in the number of infections of the upper respiratory tract due to the hygienic measures taken by the COVID-19 pandemic. (AU)

Evolution in the incidence of infectious diseases in the pediatric ENT area during the COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION: SARS COV-2 infection is an emerging disease that has become a global pandemic since the beginning of 2020. To reduce transmission, measures have been imposed by governments such as home confinement, the use of masks, social distancing or promotion of hand hygiene. The aim of this study is to determine if the measures adopted to reduce the COVID-19 pandemic have produced a decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases and their complications in the ENT area in our center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out in a tertiary hospital of patients aged between 0 and 15 years who required admission due to deep cervical infections, complications derived from acute otitis media (mastoiditis or facial paralysis) or complicated acute sinusitis. RESULTS: There is a notable decrease in the number of global admissions in the COVID period (9) compared to the average of the previous 5 years (20.1). Likewise, there are statistically significant differences in the number of admissions for cervical infections (p value=0.027) and complications derived from acute otitis media (p value=0.029). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: A decrease in the number of admissions caused by complications of infections in the ENT area in paediatric patients has been observed after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in our environment, this fact could be explained by a global decrease in the number of infections of the upper respiratory tract due to the hygienic measures taken by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hallazgos audiológicos en niños con mucopolisacaridosis tipos i-iv / Audiological findings in children with mucopolysaccharidoses type i-iv

Objetivo: Revisión y descripción de la afectación otoaudiológica en el seguimiento de 23 niños con diagnóstico de mucopolisacaridosis (MPS) tipo I, II, III y IV. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los hallazgos clínicos, audiológicos y tratamiento (médico y/o quirúrgico) de 23 niños con diagnóstico de MPS tipo I, II, III o IV en seguimiento en un hospital terciario entre 1997 y 2015. Resultados: Seis casos de MPSI, 8 de MPSII, 4 de MPSIII y 5 de MPSIV fueron revisados. Al inicio del seguimiento el 71,2% de los pacientes presentaban otitis media serosa (OMS) y el 54% de los casos presentaban algún tipo de hipoacusia. El comportamiento de la hipoacusia fue fluctuante en cada uno de los subgrupos de MPS, encontrando mayor afectación y variabilidad en los tipos I y II. Conclusiones: Los niños afectos de MPS tienen un alto riesgo de hipoacusia, siendo MPS tipo I y II los casos con mayor porcentaje de afectación audiológica y con un comportamiento menos homogéneo, mostrando un importante porcentaje de hipoacusias transmisivas que progresan a componentes mixtos o neurosensoriales. Se requiere un seguimiento periódico dada la importante repercusión de esta patología en la calidad de vida y en el desarrollo de estos pacientes (AU)

Objective: The aim of our study is to reflect hearing impairment of 23 children diagnosed with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type I, II, III and IV. Methods: Retrospective study of the clinical, audiological and treatment (medical vs surgical) findings of 23 children diagnosed with MPS type I, II, III or IV followed at a Tertiary Referral Hospital between 1997 and 2015. Results: Six cases of MPSI, 8 of MPSII, 4 of MPSIII and 5 of MPSIV were reviewed. 71.2% of patients had secretory otitis media (SOM) and 54% of patients had some type of hearing loss (HL). The behaviour of hearing loss was variable in each of the subgroups of MPS, finding greater involvement and variability in types I and II. Conclusions: Children with MPS have a high risk of hearing loss. A significant percentage of transmissive HL progressing to mixed or sensorineural HL was observed. This was more common in types I and II. Periodic follow up of these patients is mandatory because of hearing impairment and consequences for their development and quality of life (AU)

Audiological findings in children with mucopolysaccharidoses type i-iv. / Hallazgos audiológicos en niños con mucopolisacaridosis tipos i-iv.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study is to reflect hearing impairment of 23children diagnosed with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) typeI, II, III and IV. METHODS: Retrospective study of the clinical, audiological and treatment (medical vs surgical) findings of 23children diagnosed with MPS typeI, II, III or IV followed at a Tertiary Referral Hospital between 1997 and 2015. RESULTS: Six cases of MPSI, 8 of MPSII, 4 of MPSIII and 5 of MPSIV were reviewed. 71.2% of patients had secretory otitis media (SOM) and 54% of patients had some type of hearing loss (HL). The behaviour of hearing loss was variable in each of the subgroups of MPS, finding greater involvement and variability in typesI and II. CONCLUSIONS: Children with MPS have a high risk of hearing loss. A significant percentage of transmissive HL progressing to mixed or sensorineural HL was observed. This was more common in typesI and II. Periodic follow up of these patients is mandatory because of hearing impairment and consequences for their development and quality of life.

Respuesta rápida de hemangiomas subglóticos a propranolol / Fast response of subglottic haemangiomas to propranolol

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